Much of the non-arable rangelands and grasslands in the southern Great Plains (USA) are infested by woody plants that degrade ecosystem stability by reducing herbaceous production and diversity and increasing soil erosion.  Treating invasive woody plants is increasingly uneconomical because of increasing fossil-fuel costs.  A potential future solution is to utilize these woody invaders for bioenergy end products such as bioheat and biofuel.  Honey mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) is a primary candidate because of abundant populations in the region, relatively high potential yield (10-30 Mg/ha), reliable growth during drought, little to no cultivation costs, high re-growth capacity following aboveground harvest, and high recruitment rates of new plants.  We recently evaluated the potential of a low energy harvesting system designed to rapidly harvest dense stands of mesquite with relatively little expenditure of fossil fuel.  We will contrast this system with higher energy harvesting systems in terms fuel use, potential yield, yield-to-fuel-use ratio and feedstock contamination.  In addition, we will discuss a potential landscape harvest scenario that considers the logistical and economic constraints of harvesting such a woody species on remote rangeland settings.  Preliminary data suggests mesquite could be re-harvested every 10 years if the harvesting process only collects above ground material and re-growth is allowed to occur.