The 2008 Joint Meeting of the Society for Range Management and the America Forage and Grassland Council.

Tuesday, January 29, 2008 - 3:20 PM

Pharmacokinetic Differences in High and Low Juniper Consuming Goats

Rachel A. Frost1, Erika J. Campbell2, Tracy K. Brewer1, Jeffrey C. Mosley1, Charles A. Taylor Jr.2, John Walker3, Dan F. Waldron3, and Chris J. Lupton3. (1) Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, (2) Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Box 918, Hwy 55, Sonora, TX 76950, (3) Research and Extension Center of San Angelo, Texas A & M University, 7887 U S Highway 87 North, San Angelo, TX 76901

A divergent population of “high” and “low” juniper-eating goats is being created to increase efficacy of juniper control (highs), and to better understand physiological traits (highs vs. lows) governing tolerance to monoterpenes. Pharmacokinetic dosing studies with juniper oil were used to determine if monoterpene disposition kinetics, (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination) differed between goats with estimates of high juniper intake and low juniper intake. High consuming goats (H, n=12) and low consuming goats (L, n=12) received a single intraruminal dose of a monoterpene cocktail at a concentration of 0.270 g/kg BW. Blood samples were taken at 16 sequential time points from 0 to 8 h after dosing to compare blood monoterpene concentration and to evaluate monoterpene absorption and elimination profiles. Concentrations of camphor were measured in serum using solid phase extraction and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection analysis. Mixed model analysis of variance for correlated repeated measures was performed to examine the effect of category (high vs. low consumers) on serum monoterpenes. The following kinetic parameters were analyzed by one-way ANOVA:  absorption rate constant (ka), half life, α rate of elimination-distribution and half life, β rate of elimination and half life, apparent volume of distribution (Vd), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC). Peak plasma concentrations for both high and low categories were at 50 minutes post-dosing. Absorption, distribution and elimination rates were similar (P>0.05) between the two categories, however, maximal plasma concentrations were twice as high (P=0.004) in low goats as in high goats (need some numbers here). Volume of distribution was greater (P=0.041) in high goats than in low goats, and exposure (AUC) was greater (P=0.005) in low goats than in high goats.