During the fall of 2005 and spring of 2006, we implemented a smooth brome (Bromus inermis) removal study of 5 sites in eastern South Dakota.  The study was replicated at each site in the fall of 2006 and spring of 2007 to attempt to account for between year variation.  Sites were selected to represent a broad range of soil and environmental conditions.  Seven herbicide combinations were applied in the fall and spring to determine optimum timing for control.  Sites were seeded with a native plant mix within 2 weeks following spring herbicide treatment.  Across sites, control plots averaged 78% smooth brome cover.  Smooth brome cover on herbicide treated plots ranged from 0.8 to 42%.  Native plant response has been limited, possibly due to competition from exotic weeds.  While several herbicides show promise for control of smooth brome, future response of native plants will be important in determining the proper timing and herbicide combination.