Social and economic indicators are an important part of assessing rangeland sustainability.  There were 28 social and economic indicators identified through the Sustainable Rangelands Roundtable (SRR).  For the Oregon Pilot Project, the SRR participants chose to examine the indicators related to (1) Land tenure, land use, and ownership pattern by size classes, (2) Population pyramid and population change, (3) Employment, unemployment, underemployment, and discouraged workers by industrial sector, and (4) Sources of income and level of dependence on livestock production for household income.   Additionally, the federal agency partners chose to examine the indicator on the Index of social structure quality.  While this index has not yet been developed, there are some candidates that could be used.  These indicators are intended to only apply to “rangeland-dependent” counties.  As part of the pilot project, data were collected for the 13 Oregon counties identified as part of the pilot project for each of these indicators in cooperation with the Oregon Agricultural Statistics Service.  Additional information was collected on land ownership patterns using GIS data from county tax lot maps.  These example indicator sets will be used to assess a portion of the economic and social status of rangelands within this region.  Each indicator needs to be related to rangeland ecological indicators to determine the effects of changes in either direction.